《电力勘测设计》杂志社有限公司

为实现“双碳”目标下新型电力系统“安全充裕、清洁低碳、经济高效”等多重目标的协同优化，提出一种计及单位电力供应保障效益与单位消纳效益的电源优化规划方法。通过构建单位保供效益与单位消纳效益的量化测算模型，以边际年费用成本为统一经济性标尺，精准评估各类电源与储能在保供和消纳2个方面的边际经济价值；在此基础上，建立以经济性最优为目标的电源结构优化决策模型，采用保供与消纳模块的序贯迭代与协同优化机制，统筹考虑各类电源与储能的装机、出力及运行约束，形成兼顾电力电量平衡与新能源高效利用的规划方案。以某省为例的实证分析表明：所提方法能够有效指导差异化电源配置，在保障系统可靠性的同时提升新能源利用率至合理水平，其中，新型储能在消纳效益方面经济性最优，而煤电在特定场景下仍具保供成本优势，验证了模型在服务“双碳”目标、指导多目标协同规划方面的可行性与有效性。

To achieve the coordinated optimization of multiple objectives—“secure and adequate, clean and low-carbon, cost-effective and efficient”—in the new power system under the “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” goals, this paper proposes a power source optimization planning method that accounts for unit reliability benefit and unit accommodation benefit. By constructing quantitative measurement models for unit reliability benefit and unit accommodation benefit, and using the marginal annualized cost as a unified economic benchmark, the marginal economic value of various power sources and energy storage in terms of both reliability support and renewable energy integration is accurately assessed. On this basis, a power structure optimization decision-making model aimed at economic optimality is established. Through a sequential iterative and coordinated optimization mechanism between the reliability and accommodation modules, the model holistically considers the capacity, output, and operational constraints of various power sources and storage, thereby forming a planning solution that balances power and energy adequacy with the efficient utilization of renewable energy. An empirical analysis of a provincial case shows that the proposed method can effectively guide differentiated power source allocation. It ensures system reliability while increasing the renewable energy utilization rate to a reasonable level. Among the options, new energy storage demonstrates the best economic performance in terms of accommodation benefit, while coal power retains a cost advantage in specific reliability scenarios. These results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the model in serving the “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” goals and guiding multi-objective coordinated planning.